倒置構文+…ふつうの語順とは異なる文で、強調構文と重複する。
①強調する語句＋V+Sの例:
・She is busy. So am I. / She likes it. So do I. / She doesn’t like it. Neither/Nor do I.
・A castle stands on the hill. ☞On the hill stands a castle.
・Those who love others are happy. ☞Happy are those who love others.
（他人を＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿） *those who [人々]
・The rain came down suddenly. ☞Down came the rain suddenly.
（動作を表す副詞away, down, off, upなどが文頭にくると、助動詞なしでV+Sになる）
・We had hardly started before the rain began to fall.
☞Hardly had we started before the rain began to fall.
・We had scarcely started when the rain began to fall.
☞Scarcely had we started when the rain began to fall.
(=As soon as we started, the rain began to fall.)
・I have never been to Switzerland.☞Never have I been to Switzerland.
（私はｽｲｽ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿）
・The power of habit is great. ☞Great is the power of habit.（習慣の力は大きい。）
・English modesty is closely related to English reserve.
☞Closely related to English reserve is English modesty.
（ｲｷﾞﾘｽ人の内気に関連しているのが、ｲｷﾞﾘｽ人の謙虚さである。）
・All the stores were closed, so were the theaters.
=All the stores were closed and the theaters were closed, too.
・I don’t like it. Neither do I. (=I don’t like it, either.)
・You would hear no sound on the moon, nor could you smell anything.
（何も聞こえないだろうし、臭いもしないだろう。）
・Those who are content are happy. / Those who are contented are happy.
☞Happy are those who are content. / Happy are those who are contented.
（満足している者は幸いだ。）
・Those who never have to worry about fighting in a war are happy.
☞Happy are those who never have to worry about fighting in a war.
（戦争で戦うことを悩む必要のない人は幸いである。）
②強調する語句＋S+Vの例:
・He has read this book last week. ☞This book he has read last week.
・She could never remember the date of her mother’s birth.
☞The date of her mother’s birth she could never remember.
・He said she was pretty and so she is.
③否定の副詞＋助動詞〔do, does, didなど。nor, not only ~ but alsoを含む〕+S+Vの例:
・She did not say a word to me. ☞Not a word did she say to me.
（彼女は私に＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿）
・I little imagined that she was married. ☞Little did I imagine that she was married.
（＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿とは思っても見なかった。）
・I remember well what you said. ☞Well do I remember what you said.
・Our life makes us so selfish. ☞So selfish does our life make us.
（人生は私たちを利己的にする。）
☞We were not allowed to take a single picture.
Not a single picture were we allowed to take.（写真は1枚も撮ることが許されなかった。）
・Scarcely/Hardly had he left university when/before he got married.
④so, as, too, how +形容詞+名詞の例: （so as too howと覚える）
☞a heavy bagがheavy a bagになる
・This is too heavy a bag for me to carry. =This is so heavy a bag that I can’t carry it.
（この鞄は＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿）
cf. This bag is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
・At no other time has technology made so great an advance as at present.
（現在ほど科学技術が大きな進歩を遂げた時代はほかになかった。）
・He is as great a scholar as ever lived.（彼は古来まれな学者だ。）
・Finish the work in as short a time as possible.（できるだけ短時間で仕事を終えなさい。）
〔注意〕so beautiful a treeはOK。so beautiful treesのようなso+形容詞+複数名詞はない。
⑤仮定法でifを省略した場合：
・Were it (=If it were) not for his idleness, he would succeed.
・Had it (=If it had) not been for your help, I couldn’t have done it.
・Should it (=If it should) rain, we would have the party in the gym.（万一雨でも降れば）
・I could have joined the party had I answered the phone yesterday.
=If I had answered the phone yesterday, I could have joined the party.（ｾﾝﾀｰ2009）
⑥譲歩節でasを用いる場合：
・Young as he is, he is diligent. (=Though he is young, he is diligent.)
・Try as she would, she won’t find a way out.(=However hard she tried, ~; No matter how ~)
⑦直接話法で非伝達文のあとの伝達動詞：
・ “We are ready,” said my father. “He’s out,” answered his sister.
⑧強調ではなく、文のﾊﾞﾗﾝｽをとるために前置詞句や現在分詞+V+Sの語順になる。
・Kneeling before her was the beautiful prince in her dream.
（夢の中で見た美しい王子が目の前にひざまづいていた。）
・Among some slender reeds near the bank was a duck on her nest.
（土手の近くの細い葦の中でｱﾋﾙが巣についていた。）
・There came a time when we had to make a final decision.
（最終決断をしなければならないときがきた。）
・There once stood a castle on the hill.
(there+be動詞, live, stand, lie, remainなど位置を表す動詞が続く。)
⑨場所や方向を表す副詞が文頭に出ると、倒置が起こるが、主語が代名詞のときは、倒置しない。
・There he is. (○) / There is he. (☓) / There he would be, sitting at his desk.